Albert Einstein, born on March 14, 1879, was a German-born theoretical physicist who is widely regarded as one of the most influential scientists of all time. Best known for developing the theory of relativity, Einstein's groundbreaking work reshaped the scientific understanding of nature in the early 20th century. His famous equation, E=mc², demonstrates the relationship between energy and mass, and his explanation of the photoelectric effect earned him the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1921. A pacifist and a Jew, Einstein faced hostility in his native Germany and eventually emigrated to the United States, where he continued his research at the Institute for Advanced Study in Princeton, New Jersey. Throughout his life, Einstein made significant contributions to the fields of quantum mechanics, cosmology, and atomic energy, leaving a lasting legacy in the world of science.
